Quadratic Equation by Completing the Square Method

Quadratic Equation by Completing the Square Method

Example 1

$$\textup{Solve } x^2+5x+2=0$$

Solution

\begin{align*} x^2+5x+2 & = 0\\ x^2+5x & = -2\\ (x)^2+2(x)\left(\frac{5}{2}\right)+\left(\frac{5}{2}\right)^2 & = -2+\left(\frac{5}{2}\right)^2\\ \left(x+\frac{5}{2}\right)^2 & = -2+\frac{25}{4}\\ \left(x+\frac{5}{2}\right)^2 & = \frac{-8+25}{4}\\ \left(x+\frac{5}{2}\right)^2 & = \frac{17}{4}\\ x+\frac{5}{2} & = \pm\sqrt{\frac{17}{4}}\\ x+\frac{5}{2} & = \pm\frac{\sqrt{17}}{2}\\ x & = -\frac{5}{2}\pm\frac{\sqrt{17}}{2}\\ x & = \frac{-5\pm\sqrt{17}}{2}\\ x=\frac{-5+\sqrt{17}}{2}, \,\,\,\, & x=\frac{-5-\sqrt{17}}{2}\\ \end{align*}

Example 2

$$\textup{Solve } x^2+3x-5=0$$

Solution

\begin{align*} x^2+3x-5 & = 0\\ x^2+3x & = 5\\ (x)^2+2(x)\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)+\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^2 & = 5+\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\\ \left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2 & = 5+\frac{9}{4}\\ \left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2 & = \frac{20+9}{4}\\ \left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2 & = \frac{29}{4}\\ x+\frac{3}{2} & = \pm\sqrt{\frac{29}{4}}\\ x+\frac{3}{2} & = \pm\frac{\sqrt{29}}{2}\\ x & = -\frac{3}{2}\pm\frac{\sqrt{29}}{2}\\ x & = \frac{-3\pm\sqrt{29}}{2}\\ x=\frac{-3+\sqrt{29}}{2}, \,\,\,\, & x=\frac{-3-\sqrt{29}}{2}\\ \end{align*}

Example 3

$$\textup{Solve } x^2+6x+3=0$$

Solution

\begin{align*} x^2+6x+3 & = 0\\ x^2+6x & = -3\\ (x)^2+2(x)(3)+(3)^2 & = -3+(3)^2\\ (x+3)^2 & = -3+9\\ (x+3)^2 & = 6\\ x+3 & = \pm\sqrt{6}\\ x & = -3 \pm \sqrt{6}\\ x=-3+\sqrt{6}, \,\,\,\, & x=-3-\sqrt{6}\\ \end{align*}